Ali Ibnou-Abi-Sina or commonly known to westerners as Avicenna, is one of the most significant physicians, astronomers, thinkers and writers of the 10-11th century and he is considered the father of early modern medicine.

He was the first to introduce in pharmacy the concept of successful treatment through experimentation and reproducibility of the outcome (the rational causation), called propriatas in Latin. In medicine, he was famous for his sharp observational skills, experimentation and extensive detailed description of the human anatomy.

He published two iconic books, the ‘Book of the Cure’, a vast philosophical and scientific encyclopaedia, and ‘The law of Medicine’, These books were the standard of medical textbooks used in medieval western and occidental universities untill 1650.